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ProQuest: Dissertations - Sociology Welfare

Seeing%20through%20New%20Eyes*David Powlison, Seeing With New Eyes: Counseling and the Human Condition Through the Lens of Scripture (Phillipsburg: P&R, 2003). Dictionary%20Biblical%20ImageryDictionary of Biblical Imagery, ed. Leland Ryken, James C. Wilhoit, and Tremper Longman III (Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1998). The%20Reformed%20Church%20in%20Dutch%20Brazil%201630-1654.jpgF.L. Schalkwijk, The Reformed Church in Dutch Brazil (1630-1654), (Zoetermeer: Uitgeverij Boekencentrum, 1998). $30.00.

Reviewed by Rev. Wes Bredenhof

If we’re to believe most English-speaking writers on the subject, the age of Protestant missions did not really begin until Pietism and William Carey. Before then, they say, Protestants did not do missions on any meaningful scale—and this was especially true of the Reformed churches. Among other things, this book proves that “they” are quite wrong!

Using careful research and a readable style, Schalkwijk (a long time Reformed missionary and professor in Brazil) gives a vivid picture of religious life in a Dutch colony in the seventeenth-century. Along the way, he makes it clear that Reformed believers of this era saw their missionary mandate very clearly. For instance, Reformed missionaries (at least seven of them in this period, one of whom was a former Augustinian monk) were working among the South American Indians. The Reformed Church was also active in mission to the Jews, the Africans, as well as the Dutch and Portuguese nationals in Brazil. In short, there was intense, active evangelistic activity in this period, giving attention to every people group in northeastern Brazil.

But this book is also noteworthy for other reasons. For example, Schalkwijk gives a fascinating account of the history of Reformed confessions and catechisms in Reformed Brazil. Who knew that a Huguenot confession had been written in Rio de Janeiro in 1558?! The author outlines the degrees to which the Belgic Confession and Heidelberg Catechism were used. The matter of a suitable catechism was especially a hot issue in Brazil during this period. Because the Heidelberg Catechism in its original form